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Browse Definitions. Get instant definitions for any word that hits you anywhere on the web! La Reforma helped to establish equality for citizens before the law. La Reforma established marriage as a civil contract. Cemeteries became nationalized. La Reforma took away the property owned by the church unless it was a place of worship. The land confiscated was given in small pieces to those without land. This land plan backfired however and the poor became poorer and the wealthy ultimately acquired more land and wealth.
La Reforma gave Mexicans freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and freedom of the press. Despite the good intentions of La Reforma, many Mexicans suffered. They achieved only partial success: the principle, but not the reality, of legal equality for all was established; the decade of conflict undermined the effort to establish a parliamentary system and paved the way for executive dominance; the political and economic power of the church was largely eliminated, but charities and schools suffered; restrictions on the church belied the principle of separation of church and stale; the hope that reducing village lands to individual ownership would create a large number of small landowners, which in turn would encourage rural democracy and economic prosperity, largely went awry—privatization facilitated acquisition of village lands by outsiders and by some enterprising villagers; and constitutional guarantees for the individual did little to protect the lower class.
Still, the Reform years fostered the growth of nationalism and a sense of nationhood while laying the bases for Porfirian economic development and authoritarian political rule. The law contained seventy-seven main articles that had the effect of abolishing all special tribunals except the military and ecclesiastical courts. Although the Ley Juarez did not abolish these courts, it did end the military and ecclesiastical fueros in civil cases.
Priests and military officers could no longer change the venue of trials for civil of-fenses to the ecclesiastical or military courts. Sinkin argues that the law accepted the basic corporate structure of society and did not abolish the entire fuero system since the church courts retained the right to hear criminal cases.
It declared that civil and ecclesiastical corporations, such as the Catholic church and local and state governments, would be prohibited from owning real property not directly used in everyday operations. The church could retain its sanctuaries, monasteries, convents, and seminaries, and local and state governments their offices, jails, and schools, but both had to sell all other urban and rural real estate.
Tenants were given preference during the first three months the law would be in effect, and the annual rent was considered as 6 percent of the value of the property for sale. The government would collect a 5 percent tax on these sales.
The law prohibited civil and ecclesiastical corporations from acquiring property in the future, but it did not confiscate their wealth. Intended to raise revenue and promote the development of markets, its actual effects on properly ownership are disputed, but it seems to have raised little revenue for the government.
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