First Known Use of socialism , in the meaning defined at sense 1. Learn More About socialism. Time Traveler for socialism The first known use of socialism was in See more words from the same year. From the Editors at Merriam-Webster. Trending: Ocasio-Cortez Sparks Trending: Sanders: 'End the Movement Style: MLA. Kids Definition of socialism. Get Word of the Day daily email! Test Your Vocabulary. Test your vocabulary with our question quiz!
Love words? Need even more definitions? Homophones, Homographs, and Homonyms The same, but different. Sometimes the global anti-communism project took the form of regime change. In the mass killings of Indonesian communists cost the lives of between , to 3 million people.
Once the U. Colonized people seeking independence were inspired by and saw the possibility of alliances with workers fighting exploitation in the colonizing countries.
These latter workers glimpsed similar possibilities from their side. This helped create a global socialist tradition. Diverse streams within the anti-colonial and anti-imperialist tradition interacted with and enriched socialism. A fascist economic system is capitalist, but with a mixture of very heavy government influence.
In fascism, the government reinforces, supports, and sustains private capitalist workplaces. Private capitalists support fascism when they fear losing their position as capitalist employers, especially during social upheavals.
Under fascism, there is a kind of mutually supportive merging of government and private workplaces. They help private capitalists by destroying trade unions or replacing them with their own organizations which support, rather than challenge, private capitalists. Frequently, fascism embraces nationalism to rally people to fascist economic objectives, often by using enhanced military expenditures and hostility toward immigrants or foreigners. Fascist governments influence foreign trade to help domestic capitalists sell goods abroad and block imports to help them sell their goods inside national boundaries.
Usually, fascists repress socialism. A similarity between fascism and socialism seems to arise because both seek to strengthen government and its interventions in society. However, they do so in different ways and toward very different ends. Fascism seeks to use government to secure capitalism and national unity, defined often in terms of ethnic or religious purity. The evolution and diversity of socialism were obscured. Socialists themselves struggled with the mixed results of the experiments in constructing socialist societies in the Soviet Union, China, Cuba, Vietnam, etc.
To be sure, these socialist experiments achieved extraordinary economic growth. In the Global South, socialism arose virtually everywhere as the alternative development model to a capitalism weighed down by its colonialist history and its contemporary inequality, instability, relatively slower economic growth, and injustice. Socialists also struggled with the emergence of central governments that used excessively concentrated economic power to achieve political dominance in undemocratic ways.
They were affected by criticisms from other, emerging left-wing social movements, such as anti-racism, feminism, and environmentalism, and began to rethink how a socialist position should integrate the demands of such movements and make alliances. The focus of the capitalism-versus-socialism debate is now challenged by the changes within socialism. Notice: JavaScript is not enabled. Please Enable JavaScript Safely. Polling Matters.
Author s Frank Newport, Ph. Survey Methods. Results for this Gallup poll are based on telephone interviews conducted Sept. All reported margins of sampling error include computed design effects for weighting. Sign Up. Gallup Podcast. Socialism in the U. There are many common misconceptions related to socialism. One is that a nation cannot be both socialist and democratic at the same time, yet many socialists agree with the idea of democracy.
Another common misconception is that there is no private property in a socialist society. But many people who consider themselves socialists are concerned only with property that has to do with production. In a society based on socialism, you could theoretically still have iPhones, jeans, and cars. The difference would be that the government would own everything required to make them. Abolishing private property is actually a part of communism , an ideology that is often confused with socialism.
In Marxist theory, socialism is sometimes considered a middle stage in the transition from capitalism to communism. The first records of the word socialism come from the s. As a political ideology, socialism is often traced back to the Industrial Revolution. Technology innovations during this time allowed business owners to become very rich while people who worked in their factories worked long hours in dangerous conditions for little pay.
Socialism emerged as an alternative to this system of capitalism. In capitalist systems, most things are privately owned, prices and wages are determined by a free market economy, and goods and services are available only to those who can afford them. Capitalism often leads to a wealthy upper class and a poorer lower class. In contrast, an ideal socialist system aims for no economic classes. Today, there is no completely socialist country or government.
Even countries like Sweden that are often labeled as socialist have capitalist economies based on free markets and competition. China is a communist, one-party state that still has many privately owned corporations and businesses.
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